Biology

Name	Title	Credits	School
BIOL-101	Humanity and the Biological Universe	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course acquaints students with basic biological, health and environmental issues of the modern world. To achieve intended awareness, students will study basic anatomy, physiology, genetics and microbiology. Special attention will be given to contemporary problems such as AIDS, genetic engineering, cancer, heart disease and pollution. The student will use basic mathematical, computer and quantitative reasoning skills to present cohesive written summations of learning. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-103	Nutrition and Society	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An introduction to the principles of nutrition in food management. Includes food customs, patterns and habits, nutrients in foods, applied nutrition, and world nutrition problems and programs. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-105	Food Microbiology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A one-semester course in basic food microbiology outlining important micro-organisms, food preservation and spoilage, food contamination, enzymes produced by micro-organisms, foods in relation to disease, food sanitation, control and inspection, and microbiological laboratory methods. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-107	Environmental Sciences	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A multi-disciplinary approach is taken to the environmental and ecological sciences emphasizing principles, problems, and alternative approaches to solutions. Students study how the equilibrium and stability of ecosystems are affected by human activity. Current models are examined for their efficacy in solving environmental degradation problems. The issues are treated in sufficient depth to permit quantitative reasoning and assessment, especially in such vital topics as demographic trends of humanity in a resource-limited biosphere. Human physiological and behavioral requisites are interwoven with the fabric of culture and technology in modern society. Information systems and models are used. In addition to lectures and seminars, students are required to become involved in a term activity, project or paper, which may integrate several disciplines. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-110	General Biology I	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The similarity in living things is demonstrated by a molecular and cellular approach to biology. After introductory biochemistry, the cell as the basic unit of life is studied structurally and metabolically. Life functions are examined from a cellular and from a vertebrate-organismic viewpoint. The central theme is the flow of energy between the biosphere and the ecosphere. The scientific method and hypothesis-testing are stressed as a means of investigation and forming conclusions. Collaborative laboratory assignments will include microscopic studies of the cell, its functions, and the dissection of a fetal pig. Corequisite Course(s): CHEM-110 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-110L	General Biology I Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. The similarity in living things is demonstrated by a molecular and cellular approach to biology. After introductory biochemistry, the cell as the basic unit of life is studied structurally and metabolically. Life functions are examined from a cellular and from a vertebrate-organismic viewpoint. The central theme is the flow of energy between the biosphere and the ecosphere. The scientific method and hypothesis-testing are stressed as a means of investigation and forming conclusions. Collaborative laboratory assignments will include microscopic studies of the cell, its functions, and the dissection of a fetal pig. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-150	General Biology II	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The variety of living things is demonstrated by a study of representative plants and animals, emphasizing the viewpoints of taxonomy, phylogeny, morphology, and physiology. The continuity of life is demonstrated through studies in reproduction, genetics, and organic evolution. Scientific inquiry and critical thinking strategies are emphasized. Collaborative laboratory assignments include the dissection and study of fixed and living specimens representing the whole range of life. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-110 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-150L	General Biology II Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. The variety of living things is demonstrated by a study of representative plants and animals, emphasizing the viewpoints of taxonomy, phylogeny, morphology, and physiology. The continuity of life is demonstrated through studies in reproduction, genetics, and organic evolution. Scientific inquiry and critical thinking strategies are emphasized. Collaborative laboratory assignments include the dissection and study of fixed and living specimens representing the whole range of life. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-110 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-155	Introduction to Osteopathic Principles and Practices	1.0	College of Arts and Sciences
These 16 one-hour sessions will be used to present history, philosophy and neurophysiological integration with biomechanical principles of osteopathic methodology. Restricted to B.S./D.O. students or permission of chairperson. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 1-0-1
BIOL-210	Human Gross Anatomy	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A structural study of the human body. Topics include cells and tissue, skeleton, articulation, muscles, body systems, special organs, and surface anatomy. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-210L	Human Gross Anatomy Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. A structural study of the human body. Topics include cells and tissue, skeleton, articulation, muscles, body systems, special organs, and surface anatomy. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-220	Comparative Anatomy	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The structure, development, and evolution of vertebrates are studied. Laboratory work emphasizes the development of structure in vertebrates, using dissection specimens including the shark, cat, and monkey. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-220L	Comparative Anatomy Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. The structure, development, and evolution of vertebrates are studied. Laboratory work emphasizes the development of structure in vertebrates, using dissection specimens including the shark, cat, and monkey. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-240 or BIOL-245 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-230	Ecology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
Study is made of the relationships among living things and species and how they reflect changes in their environments. Students study how the equilibrium and stability of ecosystems are affected by human activity. Current models are examined for their efficacy in solving environmental degradation problems. Other topics studied include trophic dynamics, habitats, resource management, and the ecological niche. Visits to field sites may occur. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-235	Microbiology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The course presents the concepts of microbial anatomy, physiology, classification, evolution, and inter-relationships of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, and helminthes. At the biochemical and cellular level, there is a focus on microbial identification, dynamics of growth, and control of growth using different techniques and reagents. Students will acquire an understanding of the role of microorganisms in the food industry, in the environment, and in health. In the laboratory, students will acquire basic bacteriological skills and knowledge of specific microorganism types. Prerequisite Course(s): Take CHEM-215 or every course from this group: BIOL-150 and CHEM-210 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-240	Embryology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A study of the development of the vertebrate organism from ovum to adult. Topics include cleavage, organogenesis, fertilization, regeneration, and comparative developmental patterns. Laboratory exercises include work with living and preserved specimens. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150 Corequisite Course(s): CHEM-210 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-240L	Embryology Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. A study of the development of the vertebrate organism from ovum to adult. Topics include cleavage, organogenesis, fertilization, regeneration, and comparative developmental patterns. Laboratory exercises include work with living and preserved specimens. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-245	Histology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A structural study of human cells, tissues, and organs with reference to their physiology and pathology. Special consideration is given to physiochemical principles in the identification of cellular components, as well as to principles of histological techniques. Laboratory exercises include the systematic study and preparation of normal and pathological tissues, emphasizing the practice of routine and special staining techniques. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150 and CHEM-150 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-245L	Histology Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. A structural study of human cells, tissues, and organs with reference to their physiology and pathology. Special consideration is given to physiochemical principles in the identification of cellular components, as well as to principles of histological techniques. Laboratory exercises include the systematic study and preparation of normal and pathological tissues, emphasizing the practice of routine and special staining techniques. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150 and CHEM-150 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-260	Nutrition and Diet Therapy	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The purpose of this course is to provide theoretical knowledge that will be useful in clinical practice concerning the roles of food in maintaining health and in treatment of disease. Topics include the physiology of digestion, absorption and metabolism; the nutrient contents of foods, the nutritional requirements of people in health and in illness, and through the life cycle. Specific nutritional requirements of individual diseases will also be covered, as well as the various responsibilities of various health professionals, such as dietitians, nurses and physicians in comprehensive care of the patient. Prerequisite Course(s): CHEM-215 Corequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-270	Pathophysiology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course focuses on the basic physiological mechanisms and principles involved in the development of illness. It is intended to relate specific lesions and dysfunctions to the Origins of specific diseases. Topics include the role of microbial infection in disorders of the immune system, disorders of the vascular system and heart, especially as affected by nutritional factors; the origin and effects of tumors; the study of the gene dysfunctions. The latter part of the course provides brief descriptions of the more important diseases of organs and organ systems (cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, hematopoietic, etc.) with emphasis on pathogenetic mechanisms. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-310	Human Physiology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An introductory course in the functions and mechanisms of the human body. Laboratory exercises include the detection and measurement of these functions using modern methods. Prerequisite Course(s): Nursing Majors: CHEM-215; Life Sciences Majors: BIOL-150 and CHEM-210 or CHEM-215 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-310L	Human Physiology Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. An introductory course in the functions and mechanisms of the human body. Laboratory exercises include the detection and measurement of these functions using modern methods. Prerequisite Course(s): Nursing Majors: CHEM-215; Life Sciences Majors: BIOL-150 and CHEM-210 or CHEM-215 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-311	Comparative Animal Physiology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course provides students with an understanding of how mammalian animals adapt physiologically to environmental challenges and addresses the basic physical and chemical principles that underlie physiological processes. A variety of biological systems are discussed, including respiratory, circulatory, digestive and metabolic, osmoregulatory, thermoregulatory, renal, nervous, musculoskeletal, neural, hormonal, and sensory. Weekly laboratory sessions will match the lectures, and provide hands- on experience in wet and dry labs. (i.e., observation, data collection, measurements, writing reports and problem-solving skills). The course prepares students for advanced topics in physiology and other heath related fields. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150, CHEM-250 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-315	Neuroscience	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The student will acquire a basic understanding of the anatomy of the nervous system and its functioning. Histology of nervous tissue, major divisions of the central and peripheral nervous systems and embryological development are introduced. The topographic and intimal anatomy of the central nervous system, including the spinal cord, brainstem, midbrain, diencephalon and forebrain, are then discussed. Functional aspects are emphasized and examples of common clinical problems are given. A systems approach is also used to introduce the special senses, including vision, audition, olfaction, and the general systems of sensation and motor functioning. The hypothalamus, the autonomic nervous system and the limbic areas are also presented. Neuroscience and clinical subjects are also emphasized, as well as higher cognitive functioning, reflex activity and circadian rhythms. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 and CHEM-210 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-320	Human Evolution and Diversity	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course provides an introduction to the study of human and primate evolution. Although the main focus is on biology, other disciplines, such as anthropology/archeology/geology/geography, and psychology provide an interdisciplinary perspective. Topics include Primate systematics and "Mankind's Place in Nature", the origins of humans and their evolution into modern peoples within ecological contexts; the importance of technology and complex social systems as factors in human evolution. Laboratory sections focus on the comparative skeletal biology of the Primates, including fossil forms, and the variations of modern humans. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-220 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-330	Microbiology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A first course in microbiology which treats the anatomy, physiology, and relationships of bacteria, fungi, viruses, Rickettsiae, and protozoa. Included are discussions of the role of microorganisms in the food industry, in the environment, and in health. Prerequisite Course(s): Take CHEM-215 or every course from this group: BIOL-150 and CHEM-210 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-330L	Microbiology Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. A first course in microbiology which treats the anatomy, physiology, and relationships of bacteria, fungi, viruses, Rickettsiae, and protozoa. Included are discussions of the role of microorganisms in the food industry, in the environment, and in health. Prerequisite Course(s): Take CHEM-215 or every course from this group: BIOL-150 and CHEM-210 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-331	Virology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course examines the fundamental principles of virology. Viral replications strategies will be covered in depth for selected viral families, with the intention of broadening students' understanding of gene regulation and nucleic acid replication. Viral structure, pathogenesis, epidemiology, antivirals and laboratory methods will be taught for a broad range of viruses. Students will apply their knowledge towards the understanding of molecular biotechnology and development of commercial applications. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-110, BIOL-150 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-340	Biochemistry	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A practical introduction to the fundamentals of the structure and properties of the biomolecules in close context with their metabolism. Major emphasis is placed on the dynamic nature of biochemistry and the interrelationships of the various metabolic pathways that make up the totality of life. Work in the laboratory illustrates the more common biochemistry techniques and principles encountered in the lecture. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150 and CHEM-250 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-340L	Biochemistry Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. A practical introduction to the fundamentals of the structure and properties of the biomolecules in close context with their metabolism. Major emphasis is placed on the dynamic nature of biochemistry and the interrelationships of the various metabolic pathways that make up the totality of life. Work in the laboratory illustrates the more common biochemistry techniques and principles encountered in the lecture. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-150 and CHEM-250 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-343	Endocrinology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
In this course we will explore the anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and histology of endocrine organs to examine how hormonal regulation and action on target organs interact to result in homeostasis, metabolism, growth and reproduction. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-345	Medical Microbiology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The purpose of the course is to acquaint students entering the health professions with basic understanding and skills in Microbiology, especially dealing with agents of infectious disease. In addition, chemical methods of controlling microbial growth, immunity, parasitology, nosocomial infections, microbial metabolism and chemotherapeutic agents will be discussed. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 and CHEM-215 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-345L	Medical Microbiology Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. The purpose of the course is to acquaint students entering the health professions with basic understanding and skills in Microbiology, especially dealing with agents of infectious disease. In addition , chemical methods of controlling microbial growth , immunity, parasitology, nosocomial infections, microbial metabolism and chemotherapeutic agents will be discussed. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 and CHEM-215 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-346	Immunology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course will explore how the body defends itself from pathogens and foreign bodies with an emphasis on the cellular and non-cellular components of the human immune system and the ways in which these components interact to resist disease. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310, BIOL-330 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-410	Genetics	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
A study of the fundamental theories, methods, and application of genetics. Mendelian genetics, the foundation for the discipline, will be discussed as well as recent advances, including recombinant DNA research and cloning. Operational or modern genetics will be compared to traditional theories. Other topics will include: the operon, microbial genetics, the triplet code, complementation analysis, extra chromosomal inheritance, and population genetics. Corequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-410L	Genetics Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. A study of the fundamental theories, methods, and application of genetics. Mendelian genetics, the foundation for the discipline, will be discussed as well as recent advances, including recombinant DNA research and cloning. Operational or modern genetics will be compared to traditional theories. Other topics will include: the operon, microbial genetics, the triplet code, complementation analysis, extra chromosomal inheritance, and population genetics. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-416	Population Genetics	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course examines how evolutionary processes, including mutation, genetic drift and natural selection, influence the gene pool and allelic frequencies of natural populations. The course utilizes an interdisciplinary approach to apply population genetics to ecology, evolutionary biology and human genetics. Mathematical models in population genetics will be applied to problems in real populations. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-230, BIOL-310 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-420	Instrumentation I	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
Fundamental principles of instruments including analysis of data used in the separation, identification, and quantification of compounds. Partial emphasis is placed on biomolecules, environmental pollutants, food additives, etc. Lab work revolves about the various photometric, chromatographic, and electrochemical instruments available. Spectroscopy, theory, and laboratory practice is covered in both semesters. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 2-3-3
BIOL-425	Biomedical Research I	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An advanced biomedical project under the supervision of a faculty member. In some cases students may be permitted to pursue programs in hospitals or industrial research organizations. A final report covering the problem, approach, and results is required. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 or BIOL-340 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 1-6-4
BIOL-430	Cell Physiology	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
Biochemical and biophysical aspects of cellular structures and functions are covered. Laboratory exercises demonstrate the fundamental life processes at cellular level. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 and BIOL-340 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-3-4
BIOL-430L	Cell Physiology Laboratory	0.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course is a laboratory component of the lecture course. Biochemical and biophysical aspects of cellular structures and functions are covered. Laboratory exercises demonstrate the fundamental life processes at cellular level. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-310 and BIOL-340 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-0
BIOL-435	Evolutionary Biology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course focuses on the history and theory of evolution as it relates to living things. Specific topics include the historical origins of Darwinism and the Modern Synthesis; mechanisms of natural and sexual selection; genetic drift; concepts of species and other biological populations; genomics applied to taxonomy and systematics; the evolution of complex ecosystems; developmental genetics and embryology as applied to phylogeny; overview of the history of life on earth in relation to geological and other environmental changes; and the consequences of human activities on the evolution of contemporary biological populations. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-220, BIOL-410 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-440	Genetic Engineering	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course will provide an introduction into the realm of molecular bioengineering with specific focus on genetic engineering. This course introduces the structure and function of DNA, the flow of genetic information in a cell, genetic mechanisms, the methodology involved in recombinant DNA technology and its application in society in terms of cloning and genetic modification of plants and animals (transgenics), biotechnology (pharmaceutics), bioprocessing (production and process engineering with a specific focus on the production of genetically engineered products), and gene therapy. Further, societal issues involving ethical and moral considerations, consequences of regulation, as well as risks and benefits of genetic engineering will be discussed. Corequisite Course(s): BIOL-410 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-441	Contemporary Biotechnology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An introduction into the realm of modern biotechnology and its application. This courses introduces the historical development of biotechnology and its contemporary applications, including, microbial fermentation/bioprocessing, bioreactors, production of fermentation products (protein therapeutics, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, others) molecular diagnostics, bioremediation and environmental biotechnology, aquatic biotechnology, biowarfar and bioterrorism and nanobiotechnology. Further, societal issues involving ethical and moral implications, perceptions and fears, intellectural property, safety, risks and regulatory issues, as well as economics of biotechnology will be discussed. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-440 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-450	Bioinfomatics and Functional Genomics	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
Will provide students with a foundation in concepts of Bioinformatics, functional genomics and proteomics. Topics to be covered include: organization and complexity of genomes, genome mapping, gene structure and mechanisms of gene expression, gene profiling and analysis with a strong focus on construction and utilization of DNA microarrays, introduction to algorithms for DNA sequence and gene expression analysis, and tools for determining gene function by perturbation of gene expression in vitro and in vivo. In addition, protein structure/function, computational protein structural modeling/ prediction as well as mass spectroscopy for proteome analysis would be discussed. Lastly, strategies for finding and validating novel genes for use as diagnostic or therapeutic targets, and the utilization of nucleic acids for gene therapy will also be covered. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-410, BIOL-440 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-455	Biomedical Research II	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An advanced biomedical project under the supervision of a faculty member. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-425 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 1-6-4
BIOL-456	Pharmacology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course will investigate the manner in which drugs act in an organism and in its individual cells, at the molecular level, and how they produce their effects. In addition, the way in which drugs are administered, produce their therapeutic and/or toxic effects, including the factors influencing their absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, will be discussed. Thus, the impact that drugs have on our society will become evident. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-330, BIOL-430 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-461	Cancer Biology	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
This course covers the molecular and cellular mechanisms of cancer development. It builds on the fundamentals of cell biology and explains the basic mechanisms underlying cell growth, differentiation, and development, and how these processes are altered in cancer cells. Key concepts include cell cycle, mutation and DNA repair, signaling pathways, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, cancer-causing viruses, and a summary of diagnosis, treatment rational and therapies. Literature-based research assignment topics include environmental carcinogens such as chemicals and radiation, and agents that may prevent cancer. Student completing this course will acquire and understanding of cancer development and various anticancer therapies. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-410, BIOL-430 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3
BIOL-465	Biomedical Research III	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An advanced biomedical project under the supervision of a faculty member. Prerequisite Course(s): BIOL-455 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 1-6-4
BIOL-490	Biomedical Research IV	4.0	College of Arts and Sciences
An advanced biomedical project under the supervision of a faculty member. Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 4-0-4 Chairperson permission required
BIOL-495	Bioinstrumentation	3.0	College of Arts and Sciences
The course consists of selected biological instrumentation covering such modalities as electromyography, thermography, cardiography, electroencephalography, and the means by which they can be interfaced to computers for applications to health care and research. Prerequisite Course(s): EENG-370 Classroom Hours - Laboratory and/or Studio Hours – Course Credits: 3-0-3